Scientists have high hopes for quantum computers that use the phenomena of quantum superposition and quantum entanglement to process and transmit data. But so far no one has been able to create quantum memory chips. Employees of the Caltech Institute of Technology were the first to create a microprocessor capable of storing quantum information in the form of light in qubits. Experts consider this a very important step, because such chips will allow quantum computing technology to go a long way.
The microcircuit contains an array of memory modules measuring 15 by 0.7 micrometers. Each module includes an optical element that captures and holds a photon inside. Before starting the microcircuit is cooled to a temperature of -272.7 degrees Celsius, after which the researchers activated the laser to deliver photons to the memory modules. The modules are able to hold photons for 75 nanoseconds, after which the light went on. At the output, the information contained in the photons was checked for coincidence with the original one. The percentage of errors according to the results of the experiment was only 3%.
In a traditional computer memory, a unit of information “bits” is stored either as a unit or as a zero. Quantum computers work with information presented in the form of qubits - “quantum bits”. Unlike bits, qubits can be not only zero or one, but also both. And this, in turn, allows you to store and process information more efficiently. A team of researchers from the California Institute of Technology published the results of their research in the journal .
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